Well-being, wellness, and health are related concepts, but they each have distinct meanings and implications for an individual's overall state of being. Understanding the differences between these relations can help individuals make informed choices about their physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Health: Health is a multifaceted concept that primarily refers to an individual's physical condition. It encompasses the absence of diseases and the proper functioning of bodily systems. Health can be categorized into different dimensions, including: Physical Health: This dimension focuses on the well-functioning of the body's organs and systems. It involves aspects such as nutrition, exercise, regular medical check-ups, and the absence of acute or chronic diseases. Mental Health: Mental health refers to an individual's psychological well-being. It encompasses emotional stability, the ability to manage stress, and the absence of mental disorders. It's cruc...
Maternal
mortality
Maternal mortality is well-defined by the World Health
Organization (WHO) as "death of a woman during pregnancy or 42 days after
the end of pregnancy, regardless of the length of the pregnancy or the location
in which it occurs or the measures are taken about her not if the deaths are
due to chance or failure. "
The maternal mortality rate (number of deaths per 100,000
live births ) is used as a criterion for obstetrics quality in a country. In
the industrialized nations, the maternal mortality rate has fallen from 300 to
around 8-12 since the beginning of the 20th century due to improved medical
care. However, an increase in the maternal mortality rate in the Netherlands
from 9.7 in the period 1983 to 1992 to 12.1 in 1993 to 2005 was observed. Something
similar was observed in Switzerland between 2000 and 2013 (an increase of 19%).
The reasons for this have not been fundamentally clarified. It is assumed that
more risky pregnancies occur, for example, due to increasing age or an
increased number of cesarean sections. In 2007 it was 830 in Nepal.
The absolute numbers worldwide decreased from 523,000 cases
in 1990 to 289,000 cases in 2013. [5] Yet approximately 800 women still die
each day from preventable complications associated with pregnancy and
childbirth, 99 percent of them in developing countries. In the 48 least
developed countries, one in 260 women dies due to pregnancy or childbirth; in
the industrialized countries, one in every 6,600.
Causes
The leading causes of maternal mortality are
Bleeding, for example, with uterine rupture, uterine atony,
placenta previa, and premature placental detachment
·
high blood pressure
·
thrombosis
·
Amniotic fluid embolism
·
sepsis
·
Ectopic pregnancy
·
heart problems
·
Improper termination of pregnancy
·
Infections
·
Murder (in the USA)
Engagement
of the United Nations
Lowering maternal mortality was formulated by the United
Nations in 2000 as the 5th Millennium Development Goal. By 2015, global
maternal mortality should be reduced by three quarters than 1990 levels.
Instead, it was only reduced by 45 percent by 2015.
The leading causes of high maternal mortality in developing
countries are considered to be
·
poor maternal
health
·
inadequate general
health care before, during, and after pregnancy,
·
inadequate obstetrics,
·
Youth pregnancy or maternity of minors (for
various reasons),
·
Malnutrition,
·
improperly performed terminations/abortions
The role of girls and women in general, access to education,
family planning, sex education, and improvement of health care and nutrition,
should therefore be strengthened.
Maternal mortality is defined by the WHO as "the death
of a woman during pregnancy or 42 days after the end of pregnancy, regardless
of the length of the pregnancy or the location in which it occurs or the
measures are taken concerning her not if the deaths are due to chance or
failure".On the other hand, the maternal mortality rate is the number of
maternal deaths per 100,000 births. The maternal mortality rate is used as a
criterion for the quality of obstetrics and medical care in a country.
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ReplyDeleteThe World Health Organization defines maternal mortality as "the death of a woman during pregnancy or 42 days after the end of pregnancy, regardless of the length of the pregnancy, the
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The World Health Organisation defines maternal mortality as 'woman's death during pregnancy or 42 days after pregnancy termination, whether due to accident or failure, irrespective of the duration of pregnancy, where it is occurring in the assignment writing service uk or the measures taken for the purpose to protect her.'
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I believe, worldwide, the most common causes of maternal death are: Hemorrhage, malnutrition, & infection. We can improve this by education. The more one learns, the more she can know how to earn a better living, what foods are the most nutritious, what birth practices are held up by evidence, which should be avoided, how to have the safest birth possible. A better education website allows them to earn a wage so that they can afford to live a healthy lifestyle, & hire a knowledgeable midwife.
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